英语论文哪里有？本翻译实践从目的论的视角出发，根据源文本的类型和主要目的，解决英译汉中出现的问题与难点，阐释这一理论在翻译过程中的指导作用。
Chapter One Task Description
1.3 Requirements of the Task
The translation task is translated jointly by three translators,who are required by theirsupervisor to choose their own sections to be translated.In addition,the sections chosenshould be coherent and complete chapters.The author of this translation report choseChapters 16-17 since the two chapters contain many interesting and informative episodes.The translator started her translation around in Feb.2023.The first draft of the translationwas required to be accomplished by October 2023,ensuring further modifications andrevisions.
Considering that the source text The Power of Strangers is classified as aninformative text,the translator’s supervisor requires that the translation should be rigorous, accurate fluent and faithful to the original while reproducing the source text’s style ofacademic language.Therefore,the translator first needs to carefully read,understand andanalyze the source text as well as comprehend its context.Then,the translator should adoptappropriate translation skills and methods to render the source text into Chinese under theguidance of the Skopos theory to make the translation faithful,fluent and understandable.Furthermore,the translator is required to accurately translate cultural phenomena andterminology in the source text,so as to widen the knowledge of target readers.Lastly,dueto the fact that the translation of the whole book is a group work,the translator is requiredto exchange her translation with her classmates regularly for a review,esp.for theunification of terminologies.
Chapter Three Guiding Theory
3.1 Overview of Skopos Theory
Skopos is a Greek-borrowed word,meaning aim or purpose and it was firstintroduced into the studies of translation in the 1970s by the German scholar Hans J.Vermeer to refer to the purpose of a translation as well as of the action of translation as atechnical term.The Skopos theory has become representative theory of GermanyFunctionalist School.These influential theories of translation appeared in Germany in the1970s.While inheriting the reasonable elements of traditional translation theory,itgradually gets rid of its shackles and puts forward a dynamic translation analysis method,which provides a new research view for translation and is of great value to the study andpractice of modern translation theory.Notable scholars in the German functionalist schoolinclude four key figures in its development:Katharina Reiss,Hans Vermeer,JustaHolz-Manttari,and Christiane Nord.
Germany Functionalist School,pioneered by Katharina Reiss,focuses on thecommunicative and equivalent aspects at the textual level in translation studies.Reiss,immersed into years of research and practice in translation,suggests prioritizing thefunction of the translation over equivalence to address traditional translation issues.InTranslation Criticism:Potentials and Limitations,Reiss aims to establish objective criteriafor translation criticism,proposing a framework that allows for automatic adjustments.
Chapter Four Case Study
4.1 At Lexical Level
In Chapter One,we have already discussed the linguistic characteristics of theselected text,including its colloquial and understandable style,humor-infused dialogues,concise and precise descriptions as well as the application of professional terminology.ThePower of Strangers falls within the genre of documentary writing,comprising variousstories and events rooted in actual experiences.Joe Keohane proposed that thecommunication skills with strangers,covering a variety of social situations,have a positiveeffect on reducing loneliness,overcoming social fear,improving trust and enhancingbelonging.In essence,the translation should be in line with the writer’s motive for writing.Following the Skopos rule,the translator should employ appropriate translation strategiesso as to ensure effective fulfilling of the intended purpose in translation.These strategiesinclude idiomatic translation,foreignizing translation,and conversion of word classes.4.2 At Syntactical Level
In Chapter Two,we have already discussed the syntactic features of the selected text, such as the prevalence of colloquial dialogues,concise expression,detailed argument withstrong logic,and diverse sentence structures.The coherence principle posits that the targettext ought to adhere to the criterion of intra-textual coherence,thereby ensuring itsinterpretability in congruence with the contextual circumstances of the intended recipientsof the target text.(Reiss and Vermeer,1984:113).The coherence rule suggests making thetranslation readable and align with the expression habits of the target language to ensurethe readership a better experience in reading and understanding.In syntax,Chinese differsgreatly from English;the English syntactic patterns and grammatical rules are not fit foruse in the Chinese syntactic constructions.Thus,guided by the Skopos theory and its rules,this section aims to explore translation methods at the syntactic level:inversion,negationand division.
4.2.1 Inversion
Inversion is one of crucial principles to enhance expressiveness in translation.Itinvolves changing the order of words or larger language chunks to align with proper usagein the target language.In addition to variances in the order of language expressions,inversion is also employed to address the disparities in the logical and temporal statementsbetween the two languages,particularly in the context of complex sentences.
Chapter Five Conclusion
This translation report has been conducted within the framework of the Skopos theoryand its associated rules.Considering the distinctive linguistic characteristics inherent indocumentary literature,the translator has classified various translation methods andstrategies,supplemented by illustrative examples drawn from the translation of“ThePower of Strangers(Excerpts)”.This examination serves to underscore the effectiveimplementation of the Skopos theory in the realm of translation studies.This translationreport begins by introducing information about the source text,emphasizing its stylisticcharacteristics as the type of documentary writing.The second chapter delves into thetranslation process,highlighting encountered difficulties and corresponding solutions.Thethird chapter outlines the development of the Skopos Theory,laying the foundation fortranslation practice.The fourth chapter employs case studies to discuss translationstrategies based on the Skopos Theory’s rules:Skopos,coherence,and fidelity.
This translation practice report is a documentary text guided by the Skopos Theory,addressing two main issues.Firstly,it confirms the compatibility of Skopos Theory withdocumentary texts,demonstrating effective integration at lexical,syntactical,and textuallevels.Secondly,guided by Skopos Theory,the report made a detailed and systematicanalysis of translating methods and strategies,focusing on vocabulary,sentence structure,and textual coherence.At the lexical level,the Skopos rule is applied to skillfully useconcise four-character Chinese words,ensuring translation simplicity.The coherence ruleguides addressing language differences and enhancing readability through word classconversion.Regarding specialized vocabulary,fidelity guides accurate translation usingdictionaries for faithful representation.On the sentence level,purpose,coherence,andfidelity rules are combined using methods such as inversion,negation and division toconvey information coherently.At the textual level,the report prioritizes coherence andfidelity rules,ensuring the target text’s cohesiveness and achieving the translation purpose.
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